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Multi-CloudStoragebeginner

Multi-Cloud Storage Cheat Sheet

Interactive reference comparing storage services across AWS, Azure, and GCP.

CloudToolStack Team8 min readPublished Feb 22, 2026

Prerequisites

  • Basic knowledge of object storage concepts
  • Understanding of cloud storage pricing models

Storage Comparison Filters

Category

Object Storage

3 services
 AWSAzureGCP
Service
Features
  • -Versioning
  • -Lifecycle policies
  • -Cross-region replication
  • -Event notifications
  • +4 more
  • -Access tiers (Hot, Cool, Cold, Archive)
  • -Blob versioning
  • -Lifecycle management
  • -Geo-redundant replication (LRS, ZRS, GRS, RA-GRS)
  • +4 more
  • -Storage classes (Standard, Nearline, Coldline, Archive)
  • -Object Lifecycle Management
  • -Object versioning
  • -Dual-region and multi-region
  • +4 more
Use Cases
Data lakesBackup and restoreStatic website hosting+2
Data lakesBackup and disaster recoveryStreaming media+2
Data lakes and analyticsContent deliveryBackup and archival+2
Pricing~$0.023/GB/month (Standard); pay per request and data transfer~$0.018/GB/month (Hot); access tiers: Hot, Cool, Cold, Archive~$0.020/GB/month (Standard); classes: Standard, Nearline, Coldline, Archive
Durability99.999999999% (11 nines)99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS99.999999999% (11 nines)
Availability99.99%99.9% (Hot), 99% (Cool)99.95% (Standard)

Block Storage

3 services
 AWSAzureGCP
Service
Features
  • -Volume types: gp3, gp2, io2, io1, st1, sc1
  • -Snapshots with incremental backup
  • -Encryption at rest (AES-256)
  • -Multi-Attach (io1/io2)
  • +3 more
  • -Disk types: Ultra, Premium SSD v2, Premium SSD, Standard SSD, Standard HDD
  • -Disk encryption (SSE, ADE, CMK)
  • -Shared disks (multi-attach)
  • -Bursting (on-demand and credit-based)
  • +3 more
  • -Disk types: pd-standard, pd-balanced, pd-ssd, pd-extreme
  • -Snapshots (standard and archive)
  • -Regional persistent disks (synchronous replication)
  • -Online resize (no downtime)
  • +3 more
Use Cases
Boot volumes for EC2Relational databasesNoSQL databases+2
OS and data disks for VMsSQL Server and other RDBMSSAP HANA+2
Boot and data disks for VMsDatabase storage (MySQL, PostgreSQL)Enterprise workloads+2
Pricinggp3: ~$0.08/GB/month; io2: ~$0.125/GB/month + IOPS chargesPremium SSD v2: ~$0.000132/IOPS + storage; Standard SSD: ~$0.075/GB/monthpd-ssd: ~$0.170/GB/month; pd-balanced: ~$0.100/GB/month; pd-standard: ~$0.040/GB/month
Durability99.999%99.999%99.999%
Availability99.99%99.99%99.99%

File Storage

3 services
 AWSAzureGCP
Service
Features
  • -NFSv4.1 protocol
  • -Elastic scaling (no provisioning)
  • -Lifecycle management (Standard to IA)
  • -Multi-AZ availability
  • +4 more
  • -SMB 3.0/3.1.1 and NFS 4.1 protocols
  • -Azure File Sync for hybrid scenarios
  • -Snapshot support
  • -Soft delete
  • +4 more
  • -NFSv3 protocol
  • -Tiers: Basic HDD, Basic SSD, Zonal, Regional (Enterprise)
  • -Snapshots and backups
  • -Scaling capacity without downtime
  • +4 more
Use Cases
Container shared storage (ECS, EKS)Content management systemsWeb serving+2
Lift-and-shift applicationsShared application settingsDev/test environments+2
GKE persistent volumesMedia rendering and processingElectronic design automation (EDA)+2
Pricing~$0.30/GB/month (Standard); ~$0.025/GB/month (EFS IA)Premium: ~$0.16/GB/month (provisioned); Standard: ~$0.06/GB/month (Hot)Basic HDD: ~$0.044/GB/month; Basic SSD: ~$0.176/GB/month; Enterprise: ~$0.30/GB/month
Durability99.999999999% (11 nines)99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS99.999%
Availability99.99% (Standard)99.9% (Standard), 99.99% (Premium)99.99% (Enterprise)

Archive Storage

3 services
 AWSAzureGCP
Service
Features
  • -Three tiers: Instant Retrieval, Flexible Retrieval, Deep Archive
  • -Vault Lock for compliance (WORM)
  • -S3 Lifecycle integration
  • -Retrieval: minutes (Instant), 1-12 hrs (Flexible), 12-48 hrs (Deep)
  • +4 more
  • -Lowest cost Azure storage tier
  • -180-day minimum retention
  • -Rehydration to Hot or Cool tier (Standard: up to 15 hours; High Priority: under 1 hour)
  • -Immutable blob policies
  • +4 more
  • -365-day minimum storage duration
  • -No rehydration delay (millisecond access)
  • -Same API as other Cloud Storage classes
  • -Object Lifecycle Management
  • +4 more
Use Cases
Long-term backup retentionCompliance and regulatory archivesHealthcare records+2
Long-term backup and DRCompliance and regulatory dataMedical imaging archives+2
Disaster recoveryRegulatory compliance archivesLong-term data preservation+2
PricingGlacier Instant: ~$0.004/GB/month; Flexible: ~$0.0036/GB/month; Deep Archive: ~$0.00099/GB/month~$0.002/GB/month (Archive tier); rehydration charges apply~$0.0012/GB/month; higher retrieval and operation costs
Durability99.999999999% (11 nines)99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS99.999999999% (11 nines)
Availability99.99% (after restore)Offline (must rehydrate to Hot/Cool)99.0%

High-Perf / Shared Storage

3 services
 AWSAzureGCP
Service
Features
  • -FSx for Lustre (HPC workloads, S3 integration)
  • -FSx for Windows File Server (SMB, Active Directory)
  • -FSx for NetApp ONTAP (multi-protocol, data tiering)
  • -FSx for OpenZFS (NFS, snapshots, clones)
  • +4 more
  • -NFS (v3 and v4.1) and SMB 3.x protocols
  • -Service levels: Standard, Premium, Ultra
  • -Snapshots and cross-region replication
  • -Application-consistent backups
  • +4 more
  • -Regional availability with automatic failover
  • -NFSv3 protocol
  • -Up to 480,000 read IOPS
  • -Snapshots and scheduled backups
  • +4 more
Use Cases
High-performance computing (HPC)Machine learning trainingWindows-based enterprise applications+2
SAP HANAHigh-performance databasesVirtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)+2
SAP and enterprise applicationsGKE stateful workloadsGenomics and life sciences pipelines+2
PricingFSx for Lustre: ~$0.145/GB/month; FSx for ONTAP: ~$0.125/GB/month; FSx for Windows: ~$0.13/GB/monthStandard: ~$0.15/GB/month; Premium: ~$0.30/GB/month; Ultra: ~$0.45/GB/monthEnterprise: ~$0.30/GB/month; scales with provisioned capacity
Durability99.999999999% (11 nines, ONTAP)99.99%99.99%
Availability99.99% (Multi-AZ)99.99% (with availability zones)99.99% (regional)

Raw Data

[
  {
    "category": "object",
    "services": [
      {
        "provider": "aws",
        "name": "Amazon S3",
        "description": "Scalable object storage with industry-leading durability, availability, performance, security, and virtually unlimited capacity.",
        "pricing": "~$0.023/GB/month (Standard); pay per request and data transfer",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines)",
        "availability": "99.99%"
      },
      {
        "provider": "azure",
        "name": "Azure Blob Storage",
        "description": "Massively scalable and secure object storage for cloud-native workloads, archives, data lakes, high-performance computing, and machine learning.",
        "pricing": "~$0.018/GB/month (Hot); access tiers: Hot, Cool, Cold, Archive",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS",
        "availability": "99.9% (Hot), 99% (Cool)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "gcp",
        "name": "Cloud Storage",
        "description": "Unified object storage for developers and enterprises with global edge caching, live data migration, and an integrated data management lifecycle.",
        "pricing": "~$0.020/GB/month (Standard); classes: Standard, Nearline, Coldline, Archive",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines)",
        "availability": "99.95% (Standard)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "category": "block",
    "services": [
      {
        "provider": "aws",
        "name": "Amazon EBS",
        "description": "High-performance block-level storage designed for use with Amazon EC2 for both throughput- and transaction-intensive workloads.",
        "pricing": "gp3: ~$0.08/GB/month; io2: ~$0.125/GB/month + IOPS charges",
        "durability": "99.999%",
        "availability": "99.99%"
      },
      {
        "provider": "azure",
        "name": "Azure Managed Disks",
        "description": "Durable, high-performance block storage for Azure Virtual Machines with simplified management and built-in high availability.",
        "pricing": "Premium SSD v2: ~$0.000132/IOPS + storage; Standard SSD: ~$0.075/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.999%",
        "availability": "99.99%"
      },
      {
        "provider": "gcp",
        "name": "Persistent Disk",
        "description": "Reliable, high-performance block storage for Compute Engine VMs. Automatically encrypted at rest and available in regional and zonal options.",
        "pricing": "pd-ssd: ~$0.170/GB/month; pd-balanced: ~$0.100/GB/month; pd-standard: ~$0.040/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.999%",
        "availability": "99.99%"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "category": "file",
    "services": [
      {
        "provider": "aws",
        "name": "Amazon EFS",
        "description": "Serverless, fully elastic file storage that lets you share file data across AWS services and on-premises resources using the NFS protocol.",
        "pricing": "~$0.30/GB/month (Standard); ~$0.025/GB/month (EFS IA)",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines)",
        "availability": "99.99% (Standard)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "azure",
        "name": "Azure Files",
        "description": "Fully managed file shares in the cloud accessible via SMB, NFS, and REST protocols. Can replace or supplement on-premises file servers.",
        "pricing": "Premium: ~$0.16/GB/month (provisioned); Standard: ~$0.06/GB/month (Hot)",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS",
        "availability": "99.9% (Standard), 99.99% (Premium)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "gcp",
        "name": "Filestore",
        "description": "Fully managed NFS file server for applications that require a file system interface and a shared filesystem for data.",
        "pricing": "Basic HDD: ~$0.044/GB/month; Basic SSD: ~$0.176/GB/month; Enterprise: ~$0.30/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.999%",
        "availability": "99.99% (Enterprise)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "category": "archive",
    "services": [
      {
        "provider": "aws",
        "name": "S3 Glacier",
        "description": "Low-cost archive storage classes in Amazon S3 for long-term data retention and digital preservation with retrieval options from minutes to hours.",
        "pricing": "Glacier Instant: ~$0.004/GB/month; Flexible: ~$0.0036/GB/month; Deep Archive: ~$0.00099/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines)",
        "availability": "99.99% (after restore)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "azure",
        "name": "Azure Archive Storage",
        "description": "Ultra-low-cost storage tier for data that is rarely accessed and stored for at least 180 days with flexible latency requirements.",
        "pricing": "~$0.002/GB/month (Archive tier); rehydration charges apply",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines) LRS",
        "availability": "Offline (must rehydrate to Hot/Cool)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "gcp",
        "name": "Cloud Storage Archive",
        "description": "The lowest-cost storage class for long-lived, rarely accessed data with a 365-day minimum storage duration and millisecond access latency.",
        "pricing": "~$0.0012/GB/month; higher retrieval and operation costs",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines)",
        "availability": "99.0%"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "category": "database-storage",
    "services": [
      {
        "provider": "aws",
        "name": "Amazon FSx",
        "description": "Fully managed third-party file systems optimized for a variety of workloads. Includes FSx for Lustre, Windows File Server, NetApp ONTAP, and OpenZFS.",
        "pricing": "FSx for Lustre: ~$0.145/GB/month; FSx for ONTAP: ~$0.125/GB/month; FSx for Windows: ~$0.13/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.999999999% (11 nines, ONTAP)",
        "availability": "99.99% (Multi-AZ)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "azure",
        "name": "Azure NetApp Files",
        "description": "Enterprise-grade, high-performance file storage powered by NetApp technology. Supports NFS, SMB, and dual-protocol workloads.",
        "pricing": "Standard: ~$0.15/GB/month; Premium: ~$0.30/GB/month; Ultra: ~$0.45/GB/month",
        "durability": "99.99%",
        "availability": "99.99% (with availability zones)"
      },
      {
        "provider": "gcp",
        "name": "Filestore Enterprise",
        "description": "Regional, high-availability NFS file storage with enterprise-grade reliability, designed for business-critical applications on GCP.",
        "pricing": "Enterprise: ~$0.30/GB/month; scales with provisioned capacity",
        "durability": "99.99%",
        "availability": "99.99% (regional)"
      }
    ]
  }
]

Key Takeaways

  1. 1S3, Blob Storage, and Cloud Storage are functionally equivalent object stores.
  2. 2Storage tiers map across providers: hot, cool/infrequent, and archive classes exist everywhere.
  3. 3Lifecycle policies automate tier transitions on all three platforms.
  4. 4Redundancy options range from single-zone to cross-region replication.
  5. 5Pricing models differ but all charge for storage, operations, and egress.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the GCP equivalent of AWS S3?
Google Cloud Storage (GCS) is the equivalent of AWS S3. Both are object storage services supporting buckets, objects, versioning, lifecycle policies, and fine-grained access controls.
How do storage tiers compare across providers?
AWS has S3 Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Standard-IA, One Zone-IA, Glacier, and Deep Archive. Azure has Hot, Cool, Cold, and Archive tiers. GCP has Standard, Nearline, Coldline, and Archive classes.
Which cloud provider offers the cheapest archive storage?
Pricing varies by region, but all three providers offer archive storage at similar price points around $1-2/TB/month. AWS Glacier Deep Archive, Azure Archive, and GCP Archive are competitive. Retrieval costs and times differ significantly.
Can I replicate storage across cloud providers?
Cross-cloud replication is not natively supported. You would need third-party tools or custom solutions using cloud functions triggered by storage events to replicate objects between providers.
What is the maximum object size across providers?
AWS S3 supports up to 5 TB per object, Azure Blob supports up to 190.7 TB for block blobs, and GCP Cloud Storage supports up to 5 TB per object. All support multipart uploads for large files.

Written by CloudToolStack Team

Cloud engineers and architects with hands-on experience across AWS, Azure, and GCP. We write guides based on real-world production patterns, not just documentation rewrites.

Disclaimer: This guide is for educational purposes. Cloud services change frequently; always refer to official documentation for the latest information. AWS, Azure, and GCP are trademarks of their respective owners.