OCI Cost Optimization Strategies

# View current month's costs by service
oci usage-api usage-summary request-summarized-usages \
  --tenant-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --time-usage-started "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z" \
  --time-usage-ended "2026-03-14T23:59:59Z" \
  --granularity "MONTHLY" \
  --group-by '["service"]' \
  --query-type "COST" \
  --query 'data.items[].{service:"service", cost:"computed-amount", currency:"currency", unit:"unit"}' \
  --output table

# View costs by compartment
oci usage-api usage-summary request-summarized-usages \
  --tenant-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --time-usage-started "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z" \
  --time-usage-ended "2026-03-14T23:59:59Z" \
  --granularity "MONTHLY" \
  --group-by '["compartmentPath"]' \
  --query-type "COST"

# View daily cost trend
oci usage-api usage-summary request-summarized-usages \
  --tenant-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --time-usage-started "2026-02-01T00:00:00Z" \
  --time-usage-ended "2026-03-14T23:59:59Z" \
  --granularity "DAILY" \
  --query-type "COST" \
  --query 'data.items[].{date:"time-usage-started", cost:"computed-amount"}' \
  --output table

# View costs by tag (requires defined tags with cost tracking enabled)
oci usage-api usage-summary request-summarized-usages \
  --tenant-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --time-usage-started "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z" \
  --time-usage-ended "2026-03-14T23:59:59Z" \
  --granularity "MONTHLY" \
  --group-by '["tag:project-tags.Environment"]' \
  --query-type "COST"

# Create a monthly budget for a compartment
oci budgets budget create \
  --compartment-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --amount 1000 \
  --reset-period "MONTHLY" \
  --display-name "production-budget" \
  --description "Monthly budget for production compartment" \
  --target-type "COMPARTMENT" \
  --targets '["<production-compartment-ocid>"]'

# Create an alert rule (alert at 80% of budget)
oci budgets alert-rule create \
  --budget-id <budget-ocid> \
  --type "ACTUAL" \
  --threshold 80 \
  --threshold-type "PERCENTAGE" \
  --display-name "80-percent-alert" \
  --recipients "admin@example.com"

# Create a forecast alert (alert when forecasted to exceed budget)
oci budgets alert-rule create \
  --budget-id <budget-ocid> \
  --type "FORECAST" \
  --threshold 100 \
  --threshold-type "PERCENTAGE" \
  --display-name "forecast-exceed-alert" \
  --recipients "admin@example.com"

# List budgets
oci budgets budget list \
  --compartment-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --query 'data[].{name:"display-name", amount:amount, spent:"actual-spend", forecast:"forecasted-spend"}' \
  --output table

# Find underutilized instances (low CPU over 7 days)
oci monitoring metric-data summarize-metrics-data \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --namespace "oci_computeagent" \
  --query-text 'CpuUtilization[7d].mean() < 10'

# Schedule instance stop/start for dev environments
# Create an OCI Function that stops instances tagged "environment=dev"
# Trigger it via a scheduled alarm or OCI Events

# Example: Stop all dev instances in a compartment
oci compute instance list \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --lifecycle-state RUNNING \
  --query 'data[?"freeform-tags".Environment == `dev`].id' \
  --raw-output | while read INSTANCE_ID; do
    echo "Stopping: $INSTANCE_ID"
    oci compute instance action --instance-id "$INSTANCE_ID" --action STOP
done

# Right-size: reduce OCPU and memory on an underutilized flex instance
oci compute instance update \
  --instance-id <instance-ocid> \
  --shape-config '{"ocpus": 1, "memoryInGBs": 8}'

# Check instance pool size for autoscaling opportunities
oci compute-management instance-pool list \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --query 'data[].{name:"display-name", size:size, state:"lifecycle-state"}' \
  --output table

# Find unattached block volumes (paying for storage not being used)
oci bv volume list \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --lifecycle-state AVAILABLE \
  --query 'data[?!("is-auto-tune-enabled")].{name:"display-name", "size-gb":"size-in-gbs", created:"time-created", id:id}' \
  --output table

# Find old boot volume backups that can be cleaned up
oci bv boot-volume-backup list \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --query 'data[].{name:"display-name", "size-gb":"size-in-gbs", created:"time-created", type:type}' \
  --output table

# Enable auto-tiering on object storage buckets
oci os bucket update \
  --namespace $NAMESPACE \
  --bucket-name "application-data" \
  --auto-tiering "InfrequentAccess"

# Check bucket sizes
oci os bucket get \
  --namespace $NAMESPACE \
  --bucket-name "application-data" \
  --query 'data.{"approximate-size": "approximate-size", "approximate-count": "approximate-count"}'

# Reduce block volume performance tier to save costs
# Lower Cost tier (0 VPUs/GB) vs Balanced (10 VPUs/GB)
oci bv volume update \
  --volume-id <volume-ocid> \
  --vpus-per-gb 0  # Lower Cost tier for infrequently accessed data

# Use ECPU instead of OCPU for finer-grained scaling
oci db autonomous-database update \
  --autonomous-database-id <adb-ocid> \
  --compute-model "ECPU"

# Stop Autonomous Database during non-business hours
oci db autonomous-database stop \
  --autonomous-database-id <adb-ocid>

# Enable auto-scaling (use more only when needed)
oci db autonomous-database update \
  --autonomous-database-id <adb-ocid> \
  --is-auto-scaling-enabled true

# Use the License Included model if you do not have existing Oracle licenses
# Use BYOL (Bring Your Own License) if you have unused Oracle licenses
oci db autonomous-database update \
  --autonomous-database-id <adb-ocid> \
  --license-model "BRING_YOUR_OWN_LICENSE"

# Check ADB instances and their compute allocation
oci db autonomous-database list \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --query 'data[].{name:"display-name", model:"compute-model", compute:"compute-count", storage:"data-storage-size-in-tbs", "auto-scaling":"is-auto-scaling-enabled", license:"license-model"}' \
  --output table

# Create quota policies (requires administrator privileges)
# Quota policies use a specific syntax different from IAM policies

# Limit compute instances in a compartment
oci limits quota create \
  --compartment-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --name "dev-quotas" \
  --description "Resource quotas for development compartment" \
  --statements '[
    "set compute quota vm-standard-e4-flex-core-count to 20 in compartment NonProduction:Dev",
    "set compute quota vm-standard-a1-flex-core-count to 8 in compartment NonProduction:Dev",
    "set block-storage quota total-storage-gbs to 500 in compartment NonProduction:Dev",
    "set load-balancer quota lb-flexible-count to 2 in compartment NonProduction:Dev",
    "set database quota autonomous-transaction-processing-ocpu-count to 4 in compartment NonProduction:Dev"
  ]'

# List quota policies
oci limits quota list \
  --compartment-id <tenancy-ocid> \
  --query 'data[].{name:name, statements:statements}' \
  --output json

# Check current resource usage against limits
oci limits resource-availability get \
  --service-name "compute" \
  --limit-name "vm-standard-e4-flex-core-count" \
  --compartment-id $C \
  --availability-domain $AD

# Example: Use OCI CLI in a cron job to stop dev instances nightly
# Save as /opt/scripts/stop-dev-instances.sh

#!/bin/bash
COMPARTMENT_ID="ocid1.compartment.oc1..xxx"

# Get all running instances tagged as dev
INSTANCE_IDS=$(oci compute instance list \
  --compartment-id "$COMPARTMENT_ID" \
  --lifecycle-state RUNNING \
  --query 'data[?"freeform-tags".Environment == `dev`].id' \
  --raw-output)

for ID in $INSTANCE_IDS; do
  echo "$(date): Stopping instance $ID"
  oci compute instance action --instance-id "$ID" --action SOFTSTOP
done

# Add to cron: 0 20 * * 1-5 /opt/scripts/stop-dev-instances.sh
# Runs at 8 PM weekdays

# Example: Start dev instances in the morning
# 0 7 * * 1-5 /opt/scripts/start-dev-instances.sh